牛津版M5U2教案四:Grammar: V-ing形式

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牛津版M5U2教案四:Grammar: V-ing形式

I. Teaching aims and demands 1. Help Ss understand verb-ing form as an adjective or adverb. 2. Master a verb-ing as attributive, predicative, object complement ect. II. Teaching important and difficult points 1. How to use verb-ing form as an adjective or adverb 2. How to use verb-ing phrases III. Teaching aids Multimedia, Blackboard and Test paper. IV. Teaching procedures Step 1: Teaching check before class   Step 2: Grammar and usage: Verb-ing form V-ing形式又分為動名詞及現(xiàn)在分詞。 1、動名詞的句法功能:   ①、作主語: Reading aloud is very helpful. 朗讀是很有好處的。 Collecting stamps is interesting. 集郵很有趣。 當(dāng)動名詞短語作主語時常用it作形式主語。 It’s no use quarrelling.爭吵是沒用的。   ②、作表語: In the ant city, the queen’s job is laying eggs. 在螞蟻王國,蟻后的工作是產(chǎn)卵。   ③、作賓語: They haven’t finished building the dam. 他們還沒有建好大壩。 We have to prevent the air from being polluted. 我們必須阻止空氣被污染。 注意動名詞既可作動詞賓語也可作介詞賓語,如上面兩個例句。此外,動名詞作賓語時,若跟有賓語補足語,則常用形式賓語it,例如: We found it no good making fun of others. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)取笑他人不好。   ★要記住如下動詞及短語只跟動名詞作賓語:resist(抵抗),mind(介意),suggest(建議),delay(推遲),keep(on) (保持),look forward to (期昐),enjoy(喜歡),include(包括),appreciate(欣賞),imagine(想象),practise(實踐),finish(完成),consider(考慮),can’t help(不禁),miss(錯過) 以上動詞及短語可以通過口訣進行記憶:   抗議(意)推辭(遲)昐喜報,心(欣)想事(實)成考不錯。   ④、作定語: He can’t walk without a walking-stick. 他沒有拐杖不能走路。 Is there a swimming pool in your school? 你們學(xué)校有游泳池嗎?   ⑤、作同位語: The cave, his hiding-place is secret. 那個山洞,他藏身的地方很秘密。 His habit, listening to the news on the radio remains unchanged. 他收聽收音機新聞節(jié)目的習(xí)慣仍未改變。 2、現(xiàn)在分詞的句法功能:   ①、作定語:現(xiàn)在分詞作定語,當(dāng)分詞單獨做定語時,放在所修飾的名詞前;如果是分詞短語做定語放在名詞后。 In the following years he worked even harder. 在后來的幾年中,他學(xué)習(xí)更努力了。 The man speaking to the teacher is our monitor’s father.正與老師談話的那個人是我們班長的父親。 現(xiàn)在分詞作定語相當(dāng)于一個定語從句的句法功能,如:in the following years也可用in the years that followed; the man speaking to the teacher可改為the man who is speaking to the teacher. ②、現(xiàn)在分詞作表語: The film being shown in the cinema is exciting. 正在這家上演的電影很棒。 The present situation is inspiring. 當(dāng)前的形勢鼓舞人心。 be + doing既可能表示現(xiàn)在進行時,也可能是現(xiàn)在分詞做表語,它們的區(qū)別在于be + doing表示進行的動作是進行時,而表示特征時是系動詞be與現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。 ③、作賓語補足語:如下動詞后可跟現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語:see, let, make, listen, hear, have, watch, notice, feel, look at等。例如: Can you hear her singing the song in the next room? 你能聽見她在隔壁唱歌嗎? 以上動詞同樣也可以通過口訣進行記憶:   三讓(make, let, have),三看(see, look at, watch),兩聽(listen to, hear),注意感覺(notice, feel) ④、現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語: a.作時間狀語:(While) Working in the factory, he was an advanced worker. 在工廠工作時,他是一名先進工人。 b.作原因狀語: Being a League member, he is always helping others. 由于是共青團員,他經(jīng)常幫助他人。 c.作方式狀語,表示伴隨: He stayed at home, cleaning and washing. 他呆在家里,又擦又洗。 d.作條件狀語: (If) Playing all day, you will waste your valuable time. 要是整天玩,你就會浪費寶貴的時間。 e.作結(jié)果狀語: He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces. 他把杯子掉了,結(jié)果摔得粉碎。 f.作目的狀語: He went swimming the other day. 幾天前他去游泳了。 g.作讓步狀語: Though raining heavily, it cleared up very soon. 雖然雨下得很大,但不久天就晴了。 h.與邏輯主語構(gòu)成獨立主格: I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my head.我等汽車時,一只鳥落到我頭上。 All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly. 所有的票已經(jīng)賣光了,他們失望地離開了。 Time permitting, we’ll do another two exercises. 如果時間允許,我們將做另兩個練習(xí)。 有時也可用with (without) +名詞(代詞賓格)+分詞形式。 With the lights burning, he fell asleep. 他點著燈睡著了。 i.作獨立成分: Judging from(by) his appearance, he must be an actor. 從外表看,他一定是個演員。 Generally speaking, girls are more careful. 一般說來,女孩子更細心。 Step 3: Exercises for consolidation   Step 4: Homework   V. Blackboard design   VI. Notes after teaching

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